Most days he was invited to dinner. [170] Historian Martin Kitchen states that Speer was actually "fully aware of what had happened to the Jews" and was "intimately involved in the 'Final Solution'". This miracle was brought to a halt in the summer of 1943 by, among other factors, the first sustained Allied bombing. His mother died in 1952. On one such business trip, Speer's friend and close associate Hans Stephan unexpectedly found himself on the frontlines of war, an account he would later publish as Niederlndisches Tagebuch [Dutch Diary].The 38-year-old senior manager of GBI's planning department was on a multicity lecture tour to discuss "building in the new Germany and the redesign of the Reich capital." Speer was able to have his writings sent to Wolters, however, and they eventually amounted to 20,000 pages. 1971. The battle is infamous as one of the largest . He lost yet more authority. Speer in response used his propaganda expertise to display a new dynamism of the war economy. Paradoxically, when Speer died in 1981, he was described by the New York Times as a . Minister for Armaments. Contributor: C. Peter Chen ww2dbase Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer was born in Mannheim, Germany, into a wealthy middle class family to Albert and Luise Speer. He studied under Bestelmeyer, Billing, and Tessenow, and rose to prominence on the death of Troost, becoming Adolf Hitler's (1889-1945) friend, confidant, and architect from 1934.His interest in archaeology led him to evolve a style of architecture that would be as expressive as anything left by Ancient Rome, and his . They paid for Toni Proost to go on holiday, and for bribes to those who might be able to secure Speer's release. Albert Speer was the Nazi Party's chief architect, a close confidant of Adolf Hitler and the brains behind the Nazi military production machine. August 1, 2017. [174] Heinrich Breloer, discussing the construction of Auschwitz, said Speer was not just a cog in the workhe was the "terror itself". (Black and white photographs from Albert Speer: His Battle With Truth by Gitta Sereny, published by Picador) To date, the foundation has given more than 500,000 in grants to more than 100 Jewish women for projects. In July1932, the Speers visited Berlin to help out the Party before the Reichstag elections. [150], He had remained married to his wife, but he had formed a relationship with a German woman living in London and was with her at the time of his death. He had become one of the most powerful people in Nazi Germany. The SS called this "Professor Speer's Special Programme". [90] By this time, 140,000 people were working in Speer's underground factories. Brother of Hermann Speer and Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer. Detailed plans were completed in July 1937 and the first shell of the new chancellery was complete on 1 January 1938. Hitler's cabinet was dismayed at his tactics, but, regardless, he was able to accumulate new responsibilities and more power. [40] Speer was involved virtually from the beginning. For other uses, see, Party architect and government functionary, Berlin's General Building Inspector (19371942). In consequence, despite tank production having the highest priority, relatively little of the armaments budget was spent on it. [107] Speer visited the Fhrerbunker on 22 April for the last time. I'd like to know more about his life; all I know is that he was inside Stalingrad's. Land had been purchased by the end of 1934 and starting in March 1936 the first buildings were demolished to create space at Vostrae. Speer was aided in shaping the works by Joachim Fest and Wolf Jobst Siedler from the publishing house Ullstein. He met Hitler and toured the damaged Chancellery before leaving Berlin to return to Hamburg. [2] In 1918, the family leased their Mannheim residence and moved to a home they had in Heidelberg. [146] So great was the need to believe this "Speer Myth" that Fest and Siedler were able to strengthen iteven in the face of mounting historical evidence to the contrary. While he sought to frustrate directives to destroy industrial facilities in areas at risk of capture, so that they could be used after the war, he still supported the war's continuation. [164] Even so, public perceptions of Speer did not change substantially until Heinrich Breloer aired a biographical film on TV in 2004. The large capital investment was not repaid in military effectiveness. From 1939 on, Speer's Department used the Nuremberg Laws to evict Jewish tenants of non-Jewish landlords in Berlin, to make way for non-Jewish tenants displaced by redevelopment or bombing. 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Inventing for Speer the post of General Inspector of Buildings, Hitler steadily promoted him to the point where other Nazi leaders and rivals believed that he might well become Hitler's successor. [1]:488498,569, Speer's involvement with concentration camp prisoners as a work force came about when Hitler agreed to Himmler's proposal they be used for the secret V-2 project. Inside the Third Reich: Directed by Marvin J. Chomsky. [21] As Chancellor, Hitler had a residence in the building and came by every day to be briefed by Speer and the building supervisor on the progress of the renovations. Albert was active in sports, taking up skiing and mountaineering. Victoria married. [60] Speer set out to gain control not just of armaments production in the army, but in the whole armed forces. Many more buildings were planned. Adam Tooze wrote in The Wages of Destruction that the idea that Speer was an apolitical technocrat was "absurd". Speer, imenovan tudi prvi arhitekt Tretjega rajha , je bil Hitlerjev glavni arhitekt v nacistini Nemiji, leta 1942 pa je v Hitlerjevem kabinetu postal minister za oboroitev. Under his leadership, the Nazis implemented a brutal regime of slave labour in armaments factories across Germany. [11] As such, Speer taught some of his classes while continuing his own postgraduate studies. [167] Brechtken wrote that his most brazen lie was fabricated during an interview with a French journalist in 1952. Men da Moritz Schramm var barn, var det et andet blik, han havde p morfaren. Speer cancelled some hours before take-off because the previous night he had been up late in a meeting with Hitler. [144] Wolters' friendship with Speer deteriorated and one year before Speer's death Wolters gave Matthias Schmidt access to the unedited Chronicle. [71] Speer and Sauckel cooperated closely to meet Speer's labor demands. This led to the development of Germany's first cyclotron. "It is not charity; I don't like that . On 27 January 1938, Speer received plenipotentiary powers from Hitler to finish the new chancellery by 1 January 1939. After the disasters of the battle of Moscow (Operation Typhoon) and even after Stalingrad Germany manages to greatly increase its military production, even though the allies were launching a major bombing campaign against them. Little remains of his personal architectural work. . Figlio e nipote di architetti, Spee. [29] Speer insisted that as many events as possible be held at night, both to give greater prominence to his lighting effects and to hide the overweight Nazis. letters that exist between ernst and the parents which he wrote and When the commission was completed, Speer returned to Mannheim and remained there as Hitler took office in January1933. Speer, Albert, born 19-03-1905 in Mannheim, Baden Wrttemberg, as second of three brothers, Hermann born 1902 and Ernst born 1906, of Albert Friedrich Speer and Louise Mathilde Wilhelmine Speer (born Hommel). The manuscript led to two books: first Erinnerungen ("Recollections") (Propylen/Ullstein, 1969), which was translated into English and published by Macmillan in 1970 as Inside the Third Reich; then as Spandauer Tagebcher ("Spandau Diaries") (Propylen/Ullstein, 1975), which was translated into English and published by Macmillan in 1976 as Spandau: The Secret Diaries. the atmosphere was said the best ever it was actually worded they Secured early release from prison, became a media celebrity and successfully cultivated the "clean Speer" myth. [117], Speer was found guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity, principally for the use of slave labor and forced labor. Speer's mother asked Albert to do something to get Ernst out. His sentence of twenty years amounted to 7,305 days, which only allotted one and a half days per book. Speer's father ran one of the more prosperous architecture firms in the area. Speer's illness coincided with the Allied "Big Week", a series of bombing raids on the German aircraft factories that were a devastating blow to aircraft production. - London, 1. rujna 1981.) House Albert Speer (4) Location: Take the road in front of the Gutshof back uphill to the Berghof. [152], After his release from Spandau, Speer portrayed himself as the "good Nazi". shelved 32,158 times. Until 2 September 1943 the position's official name was Reich Minister of Armaments and Munitions. [148] In October 1973, he made his first trip to Britain, flying to London to be interviewed on the BBC Midweek programme. [66], As Minister of Armaments, Speer was responsible for supplying weapons to the army. After the war, Speer was among the 24 "major war criminals" arrested and charged with the crimes of the Nazi regime at the Nuremberg trials. This is an apolitical forum for discussions on the Axis nations and related topics hosted by the Axis History Factbook in cooperation with Christian Ankerstjernes Panzerworld and Christoph Awender's WW2 day by day. [58] Characteristically Hitler did not give Speer any clear remit; he was left to fight his contemporaries in the regime for power and control. Supposing politics to be irrelevant, he turned aside and built roads and bridges and factories, while the logical consequences of government by madmen emerged. Speer states that even if Germany concentrated all of its resources, it would have been 1947 before they could have had an atom bomb. [9] In 1925, he transferred again, this time to the Technical University of Berlin where he studied under Heinrich Tessenow, whom Speer greatly admired. He was able to curtail the discussion that the war should be ended. [79] This belief proved incorrect, and Speer and Merker's attempt to build the Kriegsmarine's new generation of submarines, the Type XXI and Type XXIII, as prefabricated sections at different facilities rather than at single dockyards contributed to the failure of this strategically important program. With Rutger Hauer, John Gielgud, Maria Schell, Blythe Danner. For propaganda Hitler claimed during the topping-out ceremony on 2 August 1938, that he had ordered Speer to complete the new chancellery that year. A brick factory was built near the Oranienburg concentration camp at Speer's behest; when someone commented on the poor conditions there, Speer stated, "The Yids got used to making bricks while in Egyptian captivity". [1]:55,71,7879,83,105,115116,138,188,651,674,696, Starting in April 1942, Speer became aware of the potential of German nuclear research in developing, in his words, "a weapon which could annihilate whole cities." The complicated architecture of Albert Speer, Jr. From being the son of a Nazi to becoming one of the world's foremost architects, this 82-year-old urban planner has been on top of the German planning world for more than half a century. [69], As head of Organisation Todt, Speer was directly involved in the construction and alteration of concentration camps. Albert Speer, Hitler's architect, who became Minister of Armaments and War Production in World War II, died today at St. Mary's Hospital. [10] After passing his exams in 1927, Speer became Tessenow's assistant, a high honor for a man of 22. Post [8] In 1924, when the crisis had abated, he transferred to the "much more reputable" Technical University of Munich. [29] Speer modified Werner March's design for the Olympic Stadium being built for the 1936 Summer Olympics. Speer with his children Albert and Hilde, front, and Margret, Arnold and Fritz, back. [7], Speer began his architectural studies at the University of Karlsruhe instead of a more highly acclaimed institution because the hyperinflation crisis of 1923 limited his parents' income. [155] Speer was photographed with slave laborers at Mauthausen concentration camp during a visit on 31 March 1943; he also visited Gusen concentration camp. [50] In his final statement at Nuremberg, Speer gave the impression of apologizing, although he did not directly admit any personal guilt and the only victim he mentioned was the German people. While they were there his friend, Nazi Party official Karl Hanke recommended the young architect to Joseph Goebbels to help renovate the Party's Berlin headquarters. A dramatization of the life of Albert Speer (Rutger Hauer), Adolf Hitler's (Sir Derek Jacobi's) young architect and one-time confidant, and his meteoric rise into the Nazi hierarchy. [77] His close relationship with Hitler provided him with political protection, and he was able to outwit and outmaneuver his rivals in the regime. He had claimed that he was unaware of Nazi extermination plans, and the Allies had no proof that he was aware. Then it was too late; Germany had been destroyed. [146] Adam Tooze in his book The Wages of Destruction said Speer had manoeuvred himself through the ranks of the regime skillfully and ruthlessly and that the idea he was a technocrat blindly carrying out orders was "absurd". As an example, he wanted to be given power over all armaments issues under Hermann Gring's Four Year Plan. Speer was born in Mannheim, into an upper-middle-class family. He agreed to expand Auschwitz and some other camps, allocating 13.7 million Reichsmarks for the work to be carried out. Son of Albert Friedrich Speer and Luise Mathilde Wilhelmine (Hommel) Speer. he is one of Germany's top architects. Before that, Speer worked as the chief architect in Hitler's Nazi . [46] Eventually, 75,000 Jews were displaced by these measures. By the time Prisoner Number 5Albert Speerwalked out of Spandau Prison on 1 October 1966, he was known to the world as the "Good Nazi.". Hitler appointed Speer as head of the Chief Office for Construction, which placed him nominally on Hess's staff. One thing that happened in early 1840 of Victoria time was that Yet development and production would take at least two years. by PanzerKavallerie 27 Jul 2005, 16:15, Post Po vlce byl bhem Norimberskho procesu odsouzen jako vlen zloinec ke 20 letm vzen. This article is about the book. a nemzeti szocialista Nmet Birodalom fptsze, fegyverkezsi minisztere, a haditermels irnytja.. A hbor befejezse utn Nrnbergben egyetlen volt a brsg el lltott szemlyek kzl, aki elismerte felelssgt a msodik vilghbors esemnyekrt, hsz . This criticism is mainly presented by the documentary film "Speer Goes to Hollywood" by the director Vanessa Lapa. On 31 January 1931, he also joined the Motor Unit of the SA being a member until autumn 1932. [183], This article is about the Nazi minister. [44] The chancellery was completed in early January 1939. [18], The organizers of the 1933 Nuremberg Rally asked Speer to submit designs for the rally, bringing him into contact with Hitler for the first time. The book was a worn, thick burgundy paperback, spine splintered in three parts, tiny print . [5] Wolters and longtime Speer secretary Annemarie Kempf, while not permitted direct communication with Speer in Spandau, did what they could to help his family and carry out the requests Speer put in letters to his wifethe only written communication he was officially allowed. 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